Executive summary

This guide provides a practical framework for integrating macroeconomic and financial considerations throughout the national climate policy cycle. It offers a step-by-step approach covering the three pillars of climate action—mitigation, adaptation, and loss and damage (L&D)—which countries can adapt to their own policy and planning contexts.

The objective of this guide is to support the development and implementation of key climate policy instruments such as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), Long-Term Low-Emission Development Strategies (LT-LEDS), and green growth strategies. It also aims to help align existing climate and development plans with sound financial planning. It provides practical guidance for integrating climate priorities into national economic and fiscal planning and for developing financing strategies. Through step-by-step guidance, country examples, and analytical tools, the guide is to support decision-makers at all stages of climate policy development—from strategy formulation to financing and implementation.

Target audience

The guide is intended for:

• Government officials from ministries responsible for the environment, climate change, finance, and economic planning

• Sectoral experts and members of inter-ministerial coordination bodies

• Technical specialists conducting macroeconomic modelling and climate finance assessments

• Development partners supporting climate policy planning and implementation

This practical guide complements GGGI’s flagship report “Modelling the Green Transition: Macroeconomic and Financial Analysis Tools to Support Countries as They Enhance Climate Action and Accelerate the Green Transition”.